Signaling.



' No. 773,024. PATENTBD OCT. 25, 1904.

`J.l MILLAR.

N. 773,024. PATENTBD 001". 25, 1904. J. MILLAR.

` SIGNALING.

- APPLICATION FILED 00T. 22, 1902.

No MODEL.

adda/W11@ j 'y iNo. 773,024. PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

SIGNALING.

APPLIGATION FILED 00'1.22. 1902. No MODEL.

v '7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

" Iwiiimeyy No. 773,024. PATBNTED 00T. z5, 1904.

J. MILLAR. 1 SIGNALING.

l APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 22, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

@www 'JW/@MW No. 773,024. PATENTED OCT. 25, 1904.

J. MILLAR. l

SIGNALING.

APPLIUATION FILED 0mm, 1902. No mum.. v v SHEETS-sum 5.

N0 MODEL.

- PATENTBD 00T. 25, 1904. .J.- MILLAR.

SIGNALING.v

APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 22, 1902.

' 'I SEEETB-SHBET 6.

.Imag/zio?? lNo. 773.024.

Patented October 25, 1904.

PATENT OEE-ICE.

y.io-nn MILLAR, oE KEARNEY, NEW JERSEY.

sieNALlNG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,024, dated October 25, 1904.

' Application ledrOctober 22, 1902. Serial No. 128,274. (No model.)

State of New Jersey, have invented certainne'wand useful .Improvements in Signaling, of which the following is a speciticatlon.

My invention relates generallyto signaling, and has more particularly reference to electric semaphores. v Y

Electric semaphores at the present time are usually operated by a motorto move the sig.- nal-arm from the danger or stop position to the clear position, or if it be a three-position signal to caution and then to clear. When in either position, the signal iscontrolled by a slot. in the form of an electromagnet adapted to be energized and denergized by the movement of trains over the tracks controlling an armature operating a suitable locking and releasingdcvice. The return movement of thesignal-arm to danger is eliected by gravity, the slot releasing the signal'when its magnet is deenergized by a train entering a certain block or section. -It

sometimes occurs that the armature refuses to' move away from the electromagnet when the latter is denergized, so that the signal is not free to drop by gravity.

frost or it may be due 'to the magnetization of the armature. W hen a condition of this character arises, the signal is effectually locked Y in the clear orcaution position and cannot re- The electric semaphore, as just described,

serves to illustrate Ythe objections which can be raised against all semapliores in use at the present time, whether they be all electric, electiopneumatic, or all pneumatic. In other words, therel is no semaphore-signal at the present time which will be restored to danthe magnet. l Vice, together with the electromagnet and This adhesion of tlie armature to the magnet may be caused by ger by means ofl a motor, whether such motor be in the form of an electric motor or an air-pressure device. As has been stated, the chief object of my invention is to overcome this objection. A

Other objects willv appear as the specification proceeds.

I shall describe a semaphore, together with adjunctive and auxiliary devices relating to the same, embodying my invention, and vafterward point out the novel features in the claims.

In my signal the slot-magnet is mounted on a pinion or gear segment which engages with a rack on the signal-rod. This pinion is in engagement with the rack on the rod at all times, so that an unbroken connection is maintained. The said pinion carries an arm or .extension provided with a locking and releasing device controlled by tlie armature of This locking and releasing deother means hereinafter more fully described, forms what I shall term a double-lock slot. Adjacent to the slot-magnet and the rack of the signal-rod there is located a driving-gear having a pin or other means for engaging with an escapement-lockl on the mechanical member of the slot. This ldriving-gear is placed eccentric with relation to the pinion of the slot.A The motor is started up at the proper time by the passage of a train over the tracks from one block to another, thereby rotating the driving-gear. Simultaneously with this the slot-magnet is energized. The rotation of the driving-gear causes the pin carried by the same to contact with a primary locking device on the mechanical member of the slot whichmoves the armature Ainto contact with the slot-magnet and also moves the escapement-lock of the slot into its locked position. The adhesion of the armature to the magnet prevents the primary locking 'device of the mechanical member from moving back, and thus keeps the escapement-loclr, controlled by y same, in its locledvposition, so that, when the .pin of the driving-gear reaches the said escapement-loch of the slot it will carry the latter with it as it rotates, thereby rotating the pinion meshing with the rack on the signalrod, and thus drive the signal to the clear IOO position. It' the slot-magnet is not energized, the pin on the driving-gear will escape past the escapement lock on the slot and the signal will remain in thc danger position. Owing to the eecentrieity of the driving-gear with relation to the slot-pinion the pin on the said gear escapes by the escapement-lock of and releases itself from the mechanical member of the slot at a certain point, while the said mechanical member engages with retaining means for maintaining it in the position to which it has been carried. The movement of the signal-rod cuts off the motor, stopping its rotation. A train entering the block controlling the signal will denergize the slotmagnet, and the mechanical member of the slot will free itself from the retaining means, whereby the signal will be at liberty to drop by gravity, and thus to return to danger. The signal-rod is provided with two opposed racks, one of which has already been noted as engaging with the slot-pinion. The other of these two opposed racks engages with a restoring-pinion carrying a restoring-arm. Wvhen a train enters the block and denergizes the slot-magnet, causing the signal to be free to return to danger by gravity, it also puts the motor in circuit. It' the signal returns to dangen the movement of same will cut the motor out of circuit again, thus preventing' it from starting up; but if the armature should fail to leave the slot-magnet when the latter is denergized, and thereby prevent the signal from being free to drop by gravity, the motor will start up and the pin or other engaging means on the driving-gear will come in contact with the restoring-arm, carrying the same with it and causing the restoring-pinion, which engages with the other of the two opposed racks on the signal-rod, to move the latter down. The movement of the signal-rod will cause the lirst of the opposed racks to turn the slot-pinion, thus forcing the armature away from the magnet, so as to release the mechanical member of the slot from the retaining means and in that way to restore the signal-arm to danger and also to restore the slot to its proper position and the parts to their normal working condition. As soon as the parts are restored the motor is cut out of circuit by the action of the signal-rod, thus stopping the said motor. The movement of the driving-gear to carry the signal from danger to clear is equal to halt' a revolution of the same. Vhen a three-position signal is used, there will be two retaining means for the mechanical member of the slot, the lirst for the caution position and the second for the clear position. In that case the driving-gear willhave two pins, one of which is nearer its center than the other and will carry the slot a distance of a quarter of a revelution` when the iirst pin will escape past the escapement-locl ot' the slot and the motorstop. When the motor is started up again by `view on the line ot' Fig. 8.

the action of the train in the sueceedingbloelr, the second pin or' the driving-gear will carry the slot another quarter of a revolution and then escape, leaving the signal in the clear position. '.lhereturn movement to danger is then elTected either by gravity or by the restoring device, as previously explained. Then a two-arm signal is used, another slot and restoring mechanism is provided on the other side of the driving-gear, which latter is made to serve for both signal-arms. Only one pin on the driving-gear ou each side will then be used. In this case, however, the restoring-arm is provided with a magnet and a spring to move it into and out of the path ol" the pin carried by the driving-gear at the proper time, as otherwise the rotation el the gear to operate one signal-arm would interfere with the other signal-arm. The mechanical member of the slot is constructed in the same way as in connection with the one-arm signal, as the slot will not be carried around with the pin on the gear unless locked by the action ot' the slot-magnet.

Other features or' construction and il'nproved combinations and arrangement of parts will be more fully described in thel detailed description which follows.

In the present application I intend to cover my invention broadly and to cover more specilically the construction of the one-arm three.- position signal. rIhe specilic claims for the one-arm two-position signals and the combination of two one-arm signals are contained in a sister application liled on the 22d day ol October, 1902, Serial No. 128,275.

In the drawings I have embodied my invention in a suitable form; but changes may el" course be made within thc scope or' the claims.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 is a general view of a signal embodying my il'wention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view or' the driving-gear, slot, connection for the signal-rod, and supplementary devices, showing the parts in the position occupied by them when the motor is about to drive the signal from danger to "caution, Fig. 2:L is a sectional Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 and shows the disposition ot' the parts when the signal is in the caution position. Fig. et is a view similar to Figs. 2 and 3 and shows the parts as they appear when the signal is in the clear position. Fig. 5 is a view showing the mechanical member of the slot in the act ot' releasing itself from the retaining means and as it is about to return to dangein Fig. G is a top view ot' Fig. 2, the driving-gear being shown in section. Fig. 7 is a side view ol Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line .fr .r ot Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a view of the mechanical member of the slot, viewed from the opposite side from that shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view showing the signals in three blochs IOO Athe coupling 3.

and the wiring and circuits used iii c onnection-with my invention.

Similarletters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different views.

able wiring for operating the different parts of the mechanism; While the main object of this invention is to prevent the sticking of the armature to the magnet,-I do not wish to be understood as .limiting myself to a construction including-as an essential part the said restoring device, as I have made several other specific improvements in different parts of the mechanism which are capable of being used in connection with other suitable mechanism arranged and constructed to operate in conjunction therewith. This is especially true of the slot mechanism and adjacent parts. This slot has been constructed with a twofold objectdn-view-namely, to obtain a slot capable of bei-ng used in connection with arestoring device and to obtain a slot of the character which I have indicated by the term of double-lock slot, in which the slot mechanism proper or the mechanism bymeans of 'which the motion of the driving-gear can be a bias to the danger fposition.- The driv` ing-gear C will preferably be in the form of a worm-gear, receiving its motion from the worm B, mounted on the shaft which is coupled to the armature-shaft d by means of porting the driving-gear C is provided in the form of a bushing 03 of the framework 613/, which rises on both sides of the said drivinggear from they base D.' In ythe present form the semaphore will conveniently be operated piec'e e6 and normallyheldyieldingly by means la sufficient distance.

remains energized.

Suitable means for sup-Vv of the clock-spring en. To transfer the motion of the driving-,gear to suitable mechanism or means for operating the signal-rod,

such as the pinion e and the rack j, I provide two pins c' and c2, one of which is located nearer the center of the said gear than the other and attach a projection @l0-on the said escapement-lock, with which the said pins are adapted to engage. The pinion e is mounted eccentric with relation to the' gear C for reasons which will hereinafter appear. e2 is the4 slot-magnet.Y conveniently mounted on the pinion e' and controlling the armature e?,

mounted loosely on-one side of the pin e".

The escapement-lock i's'further provided with a notch e, with which engages the dogcl",

also loosely mounted on 'the pin e0, so as to move independently of the armature. -This dog has the effect when the magnet is energized'of holding the escapement-locli rigidly by engaging in the notch eli of the latter, so that when the gear C turns and the pin c" engages with the projection @lo the pinion e" will receive the motion of the said gear, thereby operating the signal-rod. To prevent undue movement of the escapement-lock, the latter is provided with a stop @12, engaging with the pin @13 on the extension @4.

' @15 is a retaining-lock in the form of a member el, mounted on the pivot e of the escapement-lock e9 and carrying the yielding projection e by the spring-@18. Gr is a notched standard with which the said Yretaining-lock will engage when the pinion e has been turned At that point the pin c will escape past the projection @10 of the escapement-lock, owing to the ecceiitricity 1 of the pin with relation to the driving` gear. The signal has now been moved from dangernto caution,7 and the action of the motor will therefore cease, while the magnet up again, the pin c2, being nearer the center than the pin c, will engage with the projection @10, thereby turning the pin e another distance, engaging the retaining-lock with the second notched standard G', which latter is Then the motor starts located a distance equal to an arc a quarter terweight of the semaphore will therefore be free to act upon the escapement-locli, which,

turning upon the pivot am, will free the retaining-lock from the retaining means or notched standard G', thereby permitting the rack f" to-drive the pinion'e', carrying the f slot back to its' original position. To effect initial or primaryfmovement of the armature into contact with thema'gnet, I provide a primary locking' device consisting of two jaws @7, one of which carries the friction-roll @8, attached to the pivoted ai'inature, and the intei'mediate member @23, pivoted at d and located substantially at right angles to the armature and eng'aging with the jaws @7 of the same by means of the ai'm c25 to turn the armature on the pivot @26 is an arm moving with the member @23 and adapted to be eng'aged by the pushingpin @27, which in tui'n is operated by the pin c' to move the armature into contact with the magnet through the above means pi'ioi' to the said pin c reaching the projection cw. lf the magnet is not energized, the ai'matui'e will of course move away from the same again as soon as the pin c is past the pushing-pin @27, so that the escapement-locl will not be held rigidly by the dog @19, thereby allowing the said pin c to escape past the projection @10. The dog el" is controlled by the armature by means of the cam @22, moving with the intermediate member @23, on which cam rests the roll 6210i' the arm @20, moving with the dog' @19. In this way the armature and magnet will control the dog' el through the escapement-lock e, so that after the magnet is enei'- gized and the armature has been moved into contact with the same the connection between the driving-gear and the means for operating the signal-rod is controlled absolutely by the said magnet and armature, and the slot cannot be released except by denerg'izing the magnet. The reason Jfor using this doublelock slot is to distribute the strain moi'e evenly. It, for instance, the dog' @1U and the armature @3 were mounted so as to move in unison by being both fast on the pin the sti'ain would Jfall on this pivot only. By interposing the intermediate member @23 and arm @20 l can get the benefit ot' two levers, which tends to distribute the strain.

H is a restoring device in the form of a pinion L, engaging' with the rack f2 or' the signal-rod and provided with an ai'm or member, as /2/2, which is moved into the path of the pins c/ and c2 when the signal is in the caution or clear positions and out of the path of the pins when the slot is restored to the danger position. rlhe opposed racks f and f2 may be cai'i'ied by the signal-rod or by a connection or extension of same. In the present instance they are cari'ied by the connection f3, adapted to be secured at f4L to the signal-rod proper and connecting at its lower end with the piston-rod f of the dash-pot l'. The baseD is secured removably to a hollow support (Z and carries the dashpot I, which is removably secured to the said base and projects inside the hollow support. By disconnecting the signal at f* and the coupling b3 of the shafts a' and Z/ the entire operating' mechanism can be removed and i'eplaced, which is of great advantage.

In Fig'. lO is shown a diagrammatic view of the signals in three blocks, tog'etliei' with the wii'ing and circuits ior operatingl the mechanisms properly, a ti'aiii being indicated in the last block. ln each signal the inotoi' is connected with the battery J at all times by the wire j', while the slot-magnet is connected with the said battery through the wire .K is a relay energized by the track-circuit coming from the battery J and coiiti'olling' the iinger j, forming a switch connected with the battery J through wire j'. Then the relay is deenergized, the linger j is in Contact with the electrode f of the wire j, terminating' in the electrode f, and when the relay is energized it attracts the linger j and moves it into contact with the electrode j, connecting with the slot-magnet, thereby putting the said magnet in circuit, and also with the wire j, terminating in the electi'ode j", and with the wirej" oi the electrode or ling'erjw. The iing'ei' jl is connected with the motor by means of the wii'e j and is adapted to be operated mechanically between the two electi'odcs j? and j" by the iluctuation ol the sigiial-i'od through the instrumentality ol the cam j, on which the linger/'m rests at all times, cai'i'yiiig the two ai'ins ,/"V' and j", engaging with the projection jl oi the signal-i'od to turn the said cam and so arranged that when the semaphore is at danger the iingei' j is in contact with the lower electrode of jm, but is moved into contact with the other iingeiyl/T, when the semaphore is iii the caution position and remains there while the signal moves to clean From thel motoi' i'uns another wire, jl". terminating in the movable electrode j, which is adapted to move with the semaphore and when the latter is at caution to come in contact with the eleetrodej21 oi the wire jii, terminating at its other end in the electrode j. li' is a second relay connected by line-wires ji" and 7% with the battery .l of the succeeding block,

the circuit to energize the said relavbeiiig closed through the electrodes jg" and fi when the signal ot' the said succeeding block moves to cautionj so as to put the motor and slot magnet in circuit to drive the signal to clean lVhen the signal is at "clear," the iingerj will be in contactwith the electrode js, so that the slot-magnet is in circuit, thereby maintaining the slot locked, so that the retaining-lock @1" is held iii engagement with the notches on the standard G while the mo tor is out of circuit, owing to the tact that the linger jm has been moved into contact with the electrode j? by the iiuctuation ol the sigiial-i'od F. As a ti'ain now enters the block it slioi't-cii'ciiits the track-circuit ot' the battery J', thereby deenei'gizing the relay l, causing the ai'm [3 to di'op into contact with the electrode j". This, it will be observed,

puts the slot-magnet out ol circuit, thereby releasing the slot and leaving the signal lfi'ee to return to "dangerf by gravity, and puts lOO v the motor in circuit. If the signal returns to ting themotorout of circuit; vbut if the ar mature refuses to leave the slot-magnet, and

. thereby maintains the signal in the clear position, (shown in Fig. 4,) the motor being in circuit will start up, and the pm c coming 1n 4contact with the restoring-arm 7b2 will cause f the pinion L to move the signal-rod down, the power breaking the armature away from the vslot-magnet, thus restoring the signal tov danger. The motor then stops, being cut out of circuit by the movement of the signal-rod, as just described. The train upon leaving the i block and entering the one next succeeding causes the track-circuit to be restored, energizing the relay K, bringing the arm 7'3 in contact with the electrode js, thus putting both the motor and the slot-magnet in circuit. The slot is now in the relative position shown in Fig. 2. 'As the motor starts up the pin c will'engage with the primary locking device,

pushing the pin @Zlagainst the arm e2, thereby causing the armature to move into contactwith the slot-magnet and the dog el" to lock the'escapement-lock e, As the gear C rotates the pin c will nekt engage with theV projection @1 of the escapement-lock, (this is the eX- actposition of the `parts in Fig. 2,) causing the rotation of the pinion d and the iiuctuation of the signal-rod. This vmovement will continue until the signal has been dri-ven to the caution position, when owing to the eccentricity of .the gear and the-pinion carrying the projection @1 the pin c ywill escape past the latter and the retaining-lock e engage with the notched standard G, causing the signal to be maintained in the position to which it has been moved. The movement of the signal-rod F in carrying the signalfrom danger to caution will cause the arm jl to move into engagement with the electrode f7, thereby putting the fmotor out of circuit, while leaving the slot-magnet in circuit, so as to maintain the slot locked. The movement of the signal to caution also causes the arm f2 to move into contact with the electrode jm. Upon the farther yadvance of the train into vthe third block,as shown in the diagram in Fig. 10, the signal in the second block will move to caution in the same manneras just described and in so doing will close the circuit at ,726 and l 55 jg?, and thus send a current back to the relay 'I causing it to put the motor in circuit by bringing the army'l2 into `engagement with the electrode 7 23, and the slot being already in circuit the rotation of the gear will cause the second pin, o2, which is nearer its center, to engage with the projection @loof the escapement-lock, so'as to drive the signal tov clear. l

Then the signal arrives in that position, the retaining-lock @15 will engage with the notches rvon the standard G, while the pin c2 escapes ythe slot.

past the projection @10, the slot meanwhile locking the signal. The movement of the semaphore, however, "has caused the arm f2() to move out of contact with the electrode jm, thus cutting 0E the motor. The arm j, O n the other hand, does not change its position. The signal then remains in this position until another train enters the block and releases `It will of course be understood that the system of Wiring can be changed very materially so long as the motor and slot are put into and out of circuit at the proper moment.

AObviously the signal can be used both on the normal danger and normal safety plan by changing the wiring to correspond therewith.

Instead of-line-Wires the .so-callec wirelesssystem could be used.

The various mechanisms. comprising the slot, driving-gear, and motor, &c., will, as is` usual, be inclosed in a suitable casing, and the signal-rod will preferably be inside a hollow iron signal-post.

In place of the gear C a simple disk could be used, and other engaging means instead of the pin could of course also be employed. The gear C could of course be the last in a train of gears; but the construction shown `here is very much preferable, as with a worm and worm-gear an even and steady movement is obtained. When a two-positionl signal` is used, the notched standard G and pin c2 will be omitted and the extra circuit through the wir@ jv-w, arm f2, wir@ 22, relay K', and linewires running to the succeeding battery J, together with the electrodes'l 1% and jm, done away with entirely. In that event, also,'the arm jm will be so adjusted that the movement from one electrode to another will take the full length of time which it takes to move the signal from danger to Versa. l

My invention may of course also be used with an interlocking system, whether manual or power, if such should be desired. The coupling for connecting the armature with the worm-shaft will preferably be a frictionclutch.` The opposed racks of the signal-rod 'can be formed on the signal-rod proper or on The arm f3 .can be constructed so that it will break the circuit for the motor as soon as the armature leaves the signal, or it can be constructed so that it will not break the circuit until the semaphore-arm has assumed the horizontal position.

Instead of the construction of primary locking device shown the pushing-pine27 could be omitted and pins c and c2 made to engage diroo IIO

rectly with the arm e2, Likewise the retaining-lock am could be made in the form of spring-catches on the framework in place of the notched standards, and a means for engaging with such spring-catches carried by the slot.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In a signal, the combination with a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the "danger position, of a motor, a slot, a slot-magnet, a restoring device operated by the motor, connections and circuits arranged so that the semaphore is moved by the rotation of the motor when the magnet is energized successively from danger to caution, and then to clean the slot and magnet when locked preventing its return from either caution or "clear to danger, and the restoring device restoring the semaphore by the action of the motor to danger if the magnet when denergized fails to release the semaphore so as to allow it to return by gravity, and retaining means for holding the slot in the caution and clear positions.

2. In a signal, the combination with a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the danger position, of a motor having a non-reversible armature and rotating in one direction only, a slot, a slot-magnet, a restoring device operated by the motor, connections and circuits arranged so that when the magnet is energized the rotation of the motor moves the semaphore from danger to caution, and whereby the continued rotation of the motor moves the semaphore to clear unless previously restored, the slot and slotmagnet when locked preventing its return to E I Lt S danger from both caution and clear, and the further rotation or' the motor operating the restoring device to restore the semaphore to danger if the magnet when deenergized fails' to release the semaphore so as to allow it to return by gravity, and retaining means for holding the slot in the caution and clear positions.

3. rlhe combination with a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the danger position, of a motor, a slot, a slot-magnet, a restoring device operated by the motor,

connections and circuits for putting the slot and motor in circuit to drive the semaphore from the "danger position to the caution position, and for putting the motor out of circuit whenthe semaphore arrives at said caution position, and for putting the motor in circuit again to drive the semaphore to clear and for putting it out of circuit when it arrives at clear unless previously restored, and for putting the slot-magnet out of circuit, and the motor in circuit, to restore the semaphore to "danger through the instrumentality of the restoring device, in ease the said semaphore does notreturn to danger by gravity when the magnet is put out of circuit,

and retaining means for the slot for holding it in caution and clear positions.

4. The combination with a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the "dam ger position, and a motor for moving the semaphore to caution and then to clean of a restoring device operated by the motor to restore the semaphore to dangen and means for operating said restoring device in case thc semaphore fails to return to danger by gravity.

5. In a signal, a connection lor operating the semaphore, a rack on said connection, a driving-pinion engaging with said rack adapted to remain in constant mesh with the same, a slot and slot-magnet carried by the drivingpinion, a motor, and connections for operating the pinion from the motor.

6. In a signal, a signal-rod, a rack on the same, a driving-pinionv engaging with said rack adapted to remain in constant engagement with the same, a slot and slot-magnet carried by the driving-pinion, a motor, and connections i'or operating the pinion from the motor.

7. In a signal` a connection for operating the semaphore, a rack on said connection, a driving-pinion engaging with said rack, a slot and slot-magnet carried by the driving-pin ion, a motor, and connections for operating the pinion from the motor.

8. In a signal, a signal-rod, a rack on the. same, a d riving-pinion engaging with the said rack, a slot and slot-magnet carried by the driving-pinion, a motor, and connections for operating the pinion from the motor.

9. In a signal, a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the danger position, a connection for operating the said semaphore provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a slot and slot-magnet carried by said pinion, and a second pinion in constant mesh with the other rack to move the semaphore up in case the slot does not release the signal when the magnet is deenergized.

IO. ln a sign al, a semaphore counterweighted so as to have a bias to the danger position, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one ol said racks to move the semaphore down, a slot and slot-magnet carried by said pinion, and a seeond pinion in constant mesh with the other rack to move the semaphore up in case the slot does not release the signal when the magnet is denergized.

11. In a signal, the combination with a lslot mechanism mounted to turn, of an eccentrically-located driving-g'ear having two pins one oi which is nearer its center than the other, whereby the rotation ot' the driving-gear causes the slot mechanism successively to turn a distance with it when the pins encounter the said slot mechanism.

l2. In asignal, the combination with a slot IOO IIO

mechanism mounted to turn, of a drivinggear having a pin,- whereby the rotationof4 the gear causessthe slot mechanism to turn av distance with it when the said slot mechanism.

13. 4In a signal, the combination with aslot mechanism mounted to turn, of a gear placed eccentric with :relation to the-same, and a pin onfsaid gear adapted to engage with the said pin encounters the lslot mechanism to turn it a'distance,iw,hen it escapes past the said slot mechanism owing to the eccentricity of the said gear with relation to the-slot mechanism.

14. The combination with a semaphore, a

.-slot, aslot-magnet, a motor, a 'restoring d'eviceand connections, ofl means for putting the slot-magnet and motor in lcircuit to drive the semaphore. from the danger position to fdangerposition,'a slot, a slot-magnet, a motor, a restoring device and connections, of-

means forputting the slot-magnet and motor in circuit to drivethe semaphore from the danger position to caution and for putting themotor ont of circuit when the semaphore arrives at cautionf means for putting the 'motor in-circuitagain to drive the semaphore to clear and for putting the motorout of circuit when the semaphore arrives at clean and means for putting the slot-magnet outoil circuit and the motor in circuitto drive the semaphore-back to danger through the instrumentality of the restoring device =in caseA it does not return by gravity. f

16. Inasignahthe combination with a slotmagnet, and an armature adapted normally to separate when the slot-magnet is denergized, of means for positively forcing the `ar-4 mature away i'rom the slot-magnet in case it adheres to the latter when the said slot-magnet is denergized.

17 In a signal, a connection for operating l the semaphore provided with two opposed racks, a pinion carrying a slot engaging with one oic said racks, to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a singlemeans for operating both pinions.

.18. In asignal, a signal-rod provided with two `opposed racks, a pinioncarrying a slot engaging with one of said racks tomove the semaphore dow-n, a second pinion engaging with theother rack to` move thesemaphore up, and a gear having means for- 'operating both pinions. l

19.` In a signal, the combination with a connection for operating the-semaphore provided with two opposed racks having their faces turned -away from each other, oi' a pinion engaging with one oi' said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating' both pinions. 1

20. 1 Ina signal; a signal-rod providedwith two opposed racks having their faces turned away Jfrom each other, a pinion engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with the 'other rack to move the semaphore up, and a gear having means Vfor operating both pinions.

21. In a signal, a connection for operating the semaphore, means, carrying the slot and' slot-magnet, to engage therewithto move the semaphore down, a second means also engaging with the said connection for moving the semaphore up, and a single means for operating b'oth' engaging means. l

22. In a signal, a connection for operating the semaphore, provided with two opposed racks, a pinion` carrying the slot and slot-inagf net engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion to engage' with. the other 'rack to move'the'semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions. y i

23. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion carrying the slot and slotlmagnet engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second g pinion engaging with the other rack to move the'semaphore up, and a gear having means for operating both pinions.

24C. In a signal, a connection for operating the semaphore provided with two opposed racks whose faces turn away from each other,

a pinion carrying the slot and slot-magnet engaging with one oie-said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

25.' Ina signal, va signalsrod vprovided with two opposed racks whose faces turn away from' eachother, a pinion carrying the slot and slot- IOO magnet engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphoredown, a second pinion to engage withthe other rack to move the s'emaphore-up, and a gear-having means for operating both pinions.

26. 'In a signal,'av signal-'rod provided with l two opposed racks, a pinion carrying the slot and `slot-magnet engaging with one of. said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with the other rack to move' the semaphore up, landa single means for'operating both pinions. Y

27. In asignal, a signal-rodprovided with two opposed racks whose Jfaces turn away from each other, a pinion carrying' the slot and slot-magnet engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

28. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks whose faces turn away from each other, a pinion engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a

second pinion engaging with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

29. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion carrying a slot engaging with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion engaging with theother rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

30. In a signal, a connection for the semaphore, means in constant engagement therewith to move the semaphore down, a slot and slot-magnet carried by said means, a second means also in constant engagement with the said connection Jfor moving the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both enga-ging means.

31. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one ot' said racks to move the semaphore down, a slot and slot-magnet carried by said pinion, a second pinion in constant mesh with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

32. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a slot and slot-magnet carried by said pinion, a second pinion in constant mesh with the other rack for movingl the semaphore u p, and a gear having means for operating both pinions.

33. In a signal, a connection `for operating the semaphore, provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one of said racks adapted to move the semaphore down, and a second pinion in constant mesh with the other of said racks adapted to move the semaphore up, and a. single means for operating both pinions.

34. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant engagement with one of said racks to move the semaphore down, a second pinion in constant engagement with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a single means for operating both pinions.

35. In a signal, a signal-rod provided with two opposed racks, a pinion in constant mesh with one ot' said racks' to move the semaphore down, a second pinion in constant mesh with the other rack to move the semaphore up, and a gear for operating both pinions.

3G. In a signal, a slot comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapemeiit-hich, a pi'iiiiary locking device. an intermediate member, foin/iing a double locking means, adapted, when actuated by the priniaigvv locking device, to cause the aimature to contact with the niagnet and the. escapement-lock te be locked. and adapted to maintain the escapement-lock iii its locked position as long as the armature is in contact with the magnet.

37. ln a signal, a driving-gear, a drivingpinion engaging with a rack oi the signal-rod,

a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature. an es fapenientlock, a primary locking device` an iiiteriiiediate member forming a double locking means from the armature to the escapemeiit-lock when the magnet is energized, means carried b v the driving-gear for engaging with the primary loekingdeviee to Cause the arniatuie to Contact with the magnet and the esca pementloel to be locked, and ior subseeuentlwv eii-.

gaging with the escapement-loek thereby turning the pinion a certain distance.

3S. In a signal, a driving-gear, a drivingpinion engaging with a rack oi: the signal-rod, a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapenientlock, a primary locking device, an intermediate member forming a double locking means from the ainiatui'e to the eseapemeiit-locli when the magnet is energized, means carried by the driving-gear for engaging with the primar)T locking device to cause ther ariiiatuie to Contact with the magnet and the escapementlock to be locked, and for subsequently engaging with the escapement-loek thereby turning the pinion a certain distance, the arrangement being such that the ni ians carried b v the driving-geai releases itselll from the escapement-lock aiter the pinion has traveled the proper distance.

39. In a signal, a driving-gear, a drivingpinion engaging with a rack oi the signal-rod, a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapemeiitlock, a primary locking device, an interniediate member forming a double locking means from the armature to the eseapemeiit-lock when the magnet is energized, means carried b v the driving-gear 'for engaging with the primary locking device to cause the armature to Contact with the magnet and the escapementlock to be locked, and for subsequently engaging with the eseapement-locli thereby tiiriiing the pinion a certain distance, the arrangement being such that the means carried by the driving-gear releases itself from the escapement-loek alter the pinion has traveled the proper distance, and retaining means for pre,- venting tlie return of the pinion to its original position so long as the magnet ren'iains ener gized and to maintain it in the position to' which it has been carried.

40. In a signal, a driving-gear, a drivinglOO llO

ISO

pinion engaging with a rack of the signal-rod,

a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapementlock, a primary locking device, an intermedipreventing the return of the pinion to its original position so long as the magnet remains energized and to maintain it in the position to which 1t has been carried and a second means carried by the driving-gear to engage with the escapement-locl of the slot whereby the subsequent rotation of the gear ywill turn the pinion another distance. l

41. In a signal, a driving-gear, a drivingpinion engaging with a rack of the signal-rod, a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapementlock, a primary looking device, an intermediate member forming a double locking means from the armature to the escapement-.lock

. when the magnet is energized, means carried by the driving-gear for engaging with the primary locking device to cause the armatureto contact with thev magnet and the escapementlock to be locked, and for subsequently engaging with the escapement-lock thereby turning the pinion a certain distance, the arrangement being such that the means carried by the driving-gear releases itself from the cscapement-lock after the pinion has traveled the proper distance, and retaining means for preventing the return of the pinion to its original position so longk as the magnet remains energized and to maintain it in the position to which it has been carried, and a second means carried by the driving-gear to engage with the escapement-lockof the'slot whereby the subsequent rotation of the gear will turn the pinion another distance, the arrangement being such that the second means carried by the driving-gear releases itself from the escapement-lock after the pinion has traveled the proper'distance.

42. In asignal, a driving-gear, a drivingpinion engaging with a rack of the signal-rod, a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapement-lock, a primary locking device, an intermediate member forming a double locking means from the armature lto the escapementlock when the magnet is energized, means carried by the driving-gear for engaging with the primary locking device to cause the arposition to which it has been carried, and a second means carried by the driving-gear to engage with the escapement-lock of the slot whereby the subsequent rotation of the gear will turn the pinion another distance, the arrangement being such that the second means carried. by the driving-gear releases itself v from the escapement-locl after the pinion has traveled the proper distance, and retaining means for preventing the return of the pinion to its original position so long as the magnet remains energized and to maintain itin the position to which it has been carried. A y

43. In a'signal, a driving-gear, a driving-` pinion engaging with a rack ofthe signal-rod, a slot mounted on the driving-pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapement-l lock,a primary locking device, an intermediate member formingadouble lockingv means from the armature to the escapement-lock when the magnet is energized, means carried by the driving-gear for engaging with the primary locking device to cause the armature to Contact with the magnet and the escapement-lock to be locked and forv subsequently engaging with the escapement-lock thereby turning the'pinion a certain distance moving the signal from danger to cautiom the arrangement being such that the means carried by the driving-gear releases itself from the escapement-lock when the signal has attained this position, retaining means for preventing the return of the signal to danger so long as the magnet remains energized and to maintain it in the position to which it has been carried, a second means carried by the driving-gear to engage with the escapementlock of the slot whereby the subsequent rotation of the gear will turn the pinion another distance thereby moving the signal to clear, the arrangement being such that the second means carried n by the ydriving-gear releases itself from the escapement-lock when the signal has attained this position, and retaining means for preventing the return of the signal to danger so long as. the magnet remains energized and to maintain it in the position to which it has been carried. Y, f'

44, Ina signal, a driving-gear, a driving-l pinion placed eccentric of same and engaging with a rack of the signalro d,-aslot mounted on the pinion comprising al magnet, an armature, an escapement-lock, a primary locking device, aninte/rmediate-member -forming a IOO double locking means for the armature to the escapement-loek when the magnet is energized, and a retaining-lock, a pin carried by the driving-gear to engage with the primary locking device to cause the armature to contact With the magnet and the escapement-lock to be locked, and for subsequently engaging with the eseapement-lock thereby turning the pinion a certain distance, the pin escaping' past the retaining-lock owing to the eccentricity of the pinion with relation to the gear when the said pinion has traveled the proper distance With the gear, and a notched standard to engage with the retaining-lock of the slot to prevent the return of the pinion to its original position so long as the slot-magnet remains energized and to maintain it in the position to which it has been carried.

45. In a signal, a driving-gear, a driving pinion placed eccentric or' same and engaging With a rack of the signal-rod, a slot mounted on the pinion comprising a magnet, an armature, an escapement-loel, a primary locking device, an intermediate member forming a double locking means from the armature to the escapement-lock when the magnet is energized, and a retaining-lock, a pin carried by the driving-gear to engage With the primary locking device to cause the armature to contact withv the magnet and the escapement-lock to be locked, and for subsequently engaging with the escapement-lock thereby turning the pinion a distance equal to a quarter of a revolution thereby moving the signal from danger to caution the pin escaping past the retaining-lock owing to the eccentricity of the pinion With relation to the gear when the signal has attained this position, a notched standard to engage with the retaining-lock to prevent the return of the signal to danger7 so long as the magnet is energized and for maintaining it in the position to which it has been carried, a second pin carried by the driving-gear nearer its center than the iirst one adapted upon the subsequent rotation of the gear to engage with the escapement-loek to turn the pinion another quarter or' a revolution bringing the signal to clear, the said second pin escaping past the escapement-lock when the signal has attained this position owing to the eccentricity of the gear with relation to the pinion, a second notched standard adapted to engage with the retaining-lock to prevent the return or' the signal to danger so long as the slot-magnet is energized and to maintain it in the position to which it has been carried.

46. In a signal,the combination of a drivinggear, a driving-pinion, a slot and magnet carried by the pinion, and means adapted to cause the pinion to Jfollow the rotation of the gear when the magnet is energized.

47. Inasignal,thecombinationoifadriyinggear, a driving-pinion, a slot and magnet carried by the pinion adapted to cause the pinion to follow the rotation of the gear when the magnet is energized, the driving-gear being released from the slot after it has turned the pinion a certain distance, the said pinion being prevented from returning to its original position so long as the slot-magnet is energized.

4S. ln asignal,the combination ol a driving gear, a driving-pinion, a slot and magnet earried by the pinion adapted to cause the pinion to follow the rotation of the gear when the magnet is energized` the driving-gear being released from the slot after it has turned the pinion a certain distance, the said pinion heing prevented from returning to its original position so long as the slot-magnet is energized, and means whereby the further rotation of the gear will carry the pinion another distance and whereby the gear will be re leased from the slot after it has arrived at the proper position and will be prevented from assuming its original position .so long as the slot-magnet is energized.

49. 1n a signal, the combination with a driving-gear and a pinion, of a slot mounted on the said pinion, comprising: a magnet, a pivoted lever carrying an armature, an escapement-lock, cooperative means between the driving-gear and the slot for moving the armature toward the magnet and for holdingl the escapement-loch rigidly, the n'iagnct when energized controlling the escapementloch through the armature.

50. In a signal, the combination with a pinion, oli' a slotcarricd by the same, comprising in part: a magnet, a pivoted lever carrying an armature and escapcment-loch, a stud connected to the pivoted lever carrying the armature and the escapement-lock, a drivinggear, cooperative means formed between the driving-gear and the stud for moving the armature toward the magnet, and for holding the escapement-lock rigidly whereby the retention of the armature against the magnet when the latter is energized controls the escapement-lochY through the instrumentality or' the connections between the stud, armature, and escapement-loch.

Signed at New York this 11th day of Oc tober, 1902.

JOHN MILLAR.

Witnesses:

JOHN l). KoArrT, AXEL V.` BnunnN.

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